Although there’s no single definition of domestic and family violence that applies across all Australian states and territories, various laws recognize it in different forms and contexts. Domestic and family violence can manifest in numerous ways and occur in diverse relationships.
The behavior underlying domestic and family violence can be varied and complex, often forming a pattern of conduct. These behaviors may intersect, be interpreted differently, and call for a range of legal responses. Judicial officers often look for “red flags” indicating coercive control in cases before them.
Recognized forms of domestic and family violence, whether actual or threatened, include:
- Physical violence and harm.
- Sexual and reproductive abuse.
- Economic and financial abuse.
- Emotional and psychological abuse.
- Cultural and spiritual abuse.
- Stalking, harassment, and monitoring.
- Social abuse.
- Exposing children to domestic and family violence.
- Property damage.
- Animal abuse.
- Abuse through manipulation of systems.
- Forced marriage.
- Dowry abuse.
These various forms highlight the multifaceted nature of domestic and family violence in Australia.